PFA Chemical Resistance Guide

Comprehensive Chemical Compatibility Reference for PFA-Lined Industrial Equipment

This guide provides chemical resistance data for PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy Alkane) materials used in GFT9 valve and piping products. Use this resource to verify material compatibility for your specific process chemicals, or contact our engineering team for application-specific recommendations.

Understanding PFA Chemical Resistance

PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy Alkane) is a fully fluorinated polymer that provides exceptional resistance to virtually all industrial chemicals. As a member of the fluoropolymer family, PFA combines the universal chemical resistance of PTFE with improved mechanical properties and processability.

Key Properties of PFA

Universal Chemical Resistance:** PFA resists nearly all acids, bases, solvents, and oxidizers at concentrations and temperatures where other materials fail. Only elemental fluorine, molten alkali metals, and certain fluorine compounds at extreme conditions can attack PFA.

Temperature Capability:

PFA maintains chemical resistance across a wide temperature range, from cryogenic conditions (-200°C) to elevated temperatures (+260°C continuous, +300°C short-term). The practical limit in valve applications is typically determined by mechanical design rather than chemical resistance.

Non-Porous Surface:

Unlike PTFE, which can absorb certain chemicals, PFA's melt-processable nature creates a smooth, non-porous surface that releases completely during cleaning—critical for batch operations and preventing cross-contamination.

FDA and USP Compliant:

PFA meets FDA requirements for food contact and USP Class VI standards for pharmaceutical applications when manufactured from virgin resin.

How to Use This Guide

The chemical resistance ratings in this guide are based on manufacturer data, published literature, and field experience. They represent general guidance for material selection:

Excellent — Full resistance, suitable for continuous service at stated conditions
Good — Suitable for most applications, verify for critical or extended service
Limited — Use with caution, testing recommended for specific conditions
Not Recommended — Alternative materials should be considered

Important:

Chemical resistance can be affected by concentration, temperature, chemical mixtures, and mechanical stress. The data provided is for reference only. For critical applications, contact our engineering team for specific recommendations or request a formal chemical compatibility statement.

PFA Chemical Resistance Guide

Comprehensive Chemical Compatibility Reference for PFA-Lined Industrial Equipment

This guide provides chemical resistance data for PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy Alkane) materials used in GFT9 valve and piping products. Use this resource to verify material compatibility for your specific process chemicals.

Excellent Full resistance, suitable for continuous service Good Suitable for most applications Limited Verify for specific conditions

Acids – Mineral

Chemical Formula Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Hydrochloric Acid HCl 37% (concentrated) 120°C Excellent
Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 98% (concentrated) 120°C Excellent
Nitric Acid HNO₃ 70% (concentrated) 80°C Excellent
Phosphoric Acid H₃PO₄ 85% 120°C Excellent
Hydrofluoric Acid HF 48% 120°C Excellent
Hydrobromic Acid HBr 48% 100°C Excellent
Chromic Acid H₂CrO₄ 50% 80°C Excellent
Perchloric Acid HClO₄ 70% 80°C Excellent

Acids – Organic

Chemical Formula Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Acetic Acid CH₃COOH Glacial (100%) 120°C Excellent
Citric Acid C₆H₈O₇ Saturated 100°C Excellent
Formic Acid HCOOH 90% 100°C Excellent
Glycolic Acid C₂H₄O₃ All concentrations 80°C Excellent
Lactic Acid C₃H₆O₃ 90% 100°C Excellent
Oxalic Acid C₂H₂O₄ Saturated 100°C Excellent
Salicylic Acid C₇H₆O₃ Saturated 80°C Excellent
Trichloroacetic Acid C₂HCl₃O₂ All concentrations 80°C Excellent

Bases and Alkalis

Chemical Formula Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH 50% 120°C Excellent
Potassium Hydroxide KOH 50% 120°C Excellent
Ammonium Hydroxide NH₄OH 30% 80°C Excellent
Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH)₂ Saturated 100°C Excellent
Sodium Carbonate Na₂CO₃ Saturated 100°C Excellent
Triethanolamine C₆H₁₅NO₃ All concentrations 80°C Excellent

Oxidizers

Chemical Formula Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Hydrogen Peroxide H₂O₂ 90% 60°C Excellent
Sodium Hypochlorite NaOCl 15% 60°C Excellent
Chlorine (wet) Cl₂ Saturated 80°C Excellent
Bromine Br₂ Saturated 60°C Excellent
Peracetic Acid CH₃CO₃H 40% 40°C Excellent
Ozone (aqueous) O₃ Saturated 40°C Excellent

Solvents – Chlorinated

Chemical Formula Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Dichloromethane (DCM) CH₂Cl₂ 100% 40°C Excellent
Chloroform CHCl₃ 100% 60°C Excellent
Carbon Tetrachloride CCl₄ 100% 80°C Excellent
Trichloroethylene C₂HCl₃ 100% 80°C Excellent
Perchloroethylene C₂Cl₄ 100% 100°C Excellent

Solvents – Polar Aprotic

Chemical Formula Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Dimethylformamide (DMF) C₃H₇NO 100% 100°C Excellent
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) C₂H₆OS 100% 120°C Excellent
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) C₅H₉NO 100% 120°C Excellent
Acetonitrile CH₃CN 100% 80°C Excellent
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) C₄H₈O 100% 60°C Excellent
Acetone C₃H₆O 100% 60°C Excellent

Solvents – Alcohols

Chemical Formula Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Methanol CH₃OH 100% 60°C Excellent
Ethanol C₂H₅OH 100% 80°C Excellent
Isopropanol (IPA) C₃H₈O 100% 80°C Excellent
n-Butanol C₄H₁₀O 100% 100°C Excellent
Ethylene Glycol C₂H₆O₂ 100% 120°C Excellent
Propylene Glycol C₃H₈O₂ 100% 100°C Excellent

Solvents – Hydrocarbons

Chemical Formula Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Benzene C₆H₆ 100% 80°C Excellent
Toluene C₇H₈ 100% 100°C Excellent
Xylene C₈H₁₀ 100% 100°C Excellent
Hexane C₆H₁₄ 100% 60°C Excellent
Heptane C₇H₁₆ 100% 80°C Excellent
Cyclohexane C₆H₁₂ 100% 80°C Excellent

Specialty Chemicals & Mixtures

Chemical Formula / Composition Max Concentration Max Temperature PFA Rating
Aqua Regia HNO₃ / HCl (1:3) Standard mix 60°C Excellent
Piranha Solution H₂SO₄ / H₂O₂ Standard mix 80°C Excellent
Buffered Oxide Etch (BOE) NH₄F / HF Standard mix 40°C Excellent
SC-1 (APM / RCA-1) NH₄OH / H₂O₂ / H₂O Standard mix 80°C Excellent
SC-2 (HPM / RCA-2) HCl / H₂O₂ / H₂O Standard mix 80°C Excellent

Important Notes

  • Temperature Limits: Maximum temperatures shown are conservative recommendations for continuous service. Short-term exposure at higher temperatures may be acceptable—contact our engineering team for specific guidance.
  • Concentration Effects: PFA resistance generally applies across all concentrations. Temperature limits may vary with concentration; dilute solutions often allow higher operating temperatures.
  • Mixed Chemicals: When chemicals are mixed, combined effects may differ from individual components. Verify compatibility for specific mixtures.
  • Mechanical Factors: High flow velocities, abrasive particles, or mechanical stress may affect service life even when chemical compatibility is excellent.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this guide is based on published data and field experience. It is intended as general guidance for material selection only. GFT9 makes no warranty regarding the suitability of PFA for any specific application. Users are responsible for verifying material compatibility for their specific operating conditions. For critical applications, contact our engineering team for application-specific recommendations.

Need Chemical Compatibility Verification?

Can't find your chemical? Need verification for specific conditions? Contact our engineering team.

Email: sales@gft9.shop   |   Phone: +49 2152 9154990

PFA vs Other Fluoropolymers



While several fluoropolymers offer chemical resistance, PFA provides unique advantages for industrial valve applications.

PFA vs PTFE

PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) offers similar chemical resistance but differs in key ways:

Porosity: PTFE is inherently microporous and can absorb certain chemicals, especially chlorinated solvents. PFA's melt-processed structure is non-porous.
Mechanical Properties: PFA has superior creep resistance and maintains sealing force better over time.
Processing: PFA can be injection molded, allowing complex valve lining geometries impossible with PTFE.
Surface Finish: PFA achieves smoother surfaces, important for cleaning validation.

PFA vs PVDF

PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) offers good chemical resistance but with limitations:

Alkali Resistance: PVDF has limited resistance to concentrated caustic solutions (NaOH >10% at elevated temperature).
Polar Solvents: PVDF swells or degrades in strong polar aprotic solvents (DMF, DMSO, NMP).
Temperature: PVDF has lower temperature capability (150°C vs 260°C for PFA).

PFA vs FEP

FEP (Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene) is chemically similar to PFA but:

Temperature: FEP has lower continuous service temperature (200°C vs 260°C).
Mechanical Strength: FEP has lower mechanical properties, limiting pressure ratings.
Permeation: FEP has slightly higher permeation rates for certain gases.

For industrial valve applications requiring universal chemical resistance, PFA provides the optimal balance of chemical resistance, temperature capability, and mechanical properties.

IMPORTANT NOTES

Chemical resistance generally decreases at elevated temperatures. The maximum temperatures shown in this guide are conservative recommendations for continuous service. Short-term exposure at higher temperatures may be acceptable for some applications—contact our engineering team for specific guidance.

Concentration Effects

For most chemicals, PFA resistance applies across all concentrations. However, temperature limits may vary with concentration. Dilute solutions often allow higher operating temperatures than concentrated solutions.

Mixed Chemicals

When chemicals are mixed, the combined effect may differ from individual components. Examples:
- Aqua regia (HNO₃ + HCl) is more aggressive than either acid alone
- Piranha solution (H₂SO₄ + H₂O₂) generates extreme heat
- Contamination with incompatible chemicals can cause unexpected reactions

Mechanical Considerations

Chemical resistance data assumes normal operating conditions. High flow velocities, abrasive particles, or mechanical stress may reduce service life even when chemical compatibility is excellent.

Disclaimer

The information provided in this guide is based on published data and field experience. It is intended as general guidance for material selection only. GFT9 makes no warranty regarding the suitability of PFA for any specific application. Users are responsible for verifying material compatibility for their specific operating conditions. For critical applications, contact our engineering team for application-specific recommendations.

Verify Chemical Compatibility for Your Application

Can't find your chemical? Need verification for specific conditions? Our engineering team can provide:

• Compatibility assessment for specific chemicals and mixtures
• Temperature and concentration guidance
• Recommendations for alternative materials when needed
• Formal chemical compatibility statements for project documentation

Email: sales@gft9.shop
Phone: +49 2152 9154990

Contact Engineering Team →